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Living Together: The Gangs of Haiti - Part 2: Fighting Back
Manage episode 479909602 series 2738663
Part 2 - 'Fighting Back'
In 2022, a video emerged of an alleged senior gang member, Zo Pwason, who had been caught by an armed group of Haitian citizens, led by Commissioner Jean-Ernest Muscadin. Zo Pwason was allegedly a senior member of the 5 Segond gang. He was executed by the armed group.
Muscadin declared that “As long as I am government commissioner, the city of Miragoâne will remain a cemetery for bandits”.
In this episode we look at those citizens that have fought back against the growing power of the gangs, and the emergence of the 'Bwa Kale' movement in 2023. These self-defence or vigilante groups protect their neighbourhoods from the gangs, and target suspected gang members.
We'll discuss how the gangs control areas through violence, limiting movement and the frequent targeting women and girls.
But we'll also follow on from the last episode and explore the connections to other illicit markets like drugs and people smuggling, as well as the proliferation of firearms flowing into the country, the vast majority of which come from the US.
And finally, we'll discuss the previous scandal-ridden recent UN mission to the country.
Speakers
Jacqueline Charles, Haiti/Caribbean Correspondent, Miami Herald.
Widlore Merancourt, Editor-in-chief for Ayibopost & reporter for the Washington Post on its Haiti coverage
William (Bill) G. O'Neill, UN Independent Expert on the Human Rights Situation in Haiti
Romain Le Cour Grandmaison, Senior Expert, Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime
Sophie Rutenbar, Visiting scholar at the New York University Center on International Cooperation
GITOC Links
The GI-TOC Observatory of Violence and Resilience in Haiti
Will the Artibonite massacre be a turning point in Haiti - https://globalinitiative.net/analysis/artibonite-massacre-haiti/
Gangs of Haiti: Expansion, power and an escalating crisis - https://globalinitiative.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/GITOC-Gangs-of-Haiti.pdf
Violence in Haiti: A continuation of politics by other means? - https://globalinitiative.net/analysis/violence-in-haiti-politics-crime-gangs/
Additional Links
https://www.devex.com/news/in-haiti-no-one-is-surprised-by-the-oxfam-scandal-92342
https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/25/haitians-wary-as-kenyan-police-arrive-on-latest-us-backed-mission
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/12/oxfam-scandal-deepens-allegations-sex-aid-abuse-charity-shops/
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/oxfam-child-abuse-haiti-scandal-inquiry-sexual-exploitation-charity-commission-a8953566.html
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-48593401
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jun/15/timeline-oxfam-sexual-exploitation-scandal-in-haiti
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c04UG5-T_IM&t=3s
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/6/un-peacekeepers-leave-haiti-what-is-their-legacy
https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/15/americas/haiti-un-peacekeepers-trust-fund-sexual-abuse-as-equals-intl-cmd/index.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miwOl12A2fE
https://www.reuters.com/article/world/haitians-say-underaged-girls-were-abused-by-un-peacekeepers-idUSKBN1YM27V/
https://insightcrime.org/haiti-organized-crime-news/jimmy-cherizier-alias-barbecue/
https://minujusth.unmissions.org/la-minujusth-condamne-les-violences-commis-%C3%A0-grand-ravine-et-appelle-les-autorit%C3%A9s-nationales-%C3%A0
https://haitiantimes.com/2018/11/14/a-u-n-backed-police-force-carried-out-a-massacre-in-haiti-the-killings-have-been-almost-entirely-ignored/
https://theintercept.com/2018/01/10/haiti-raid-united-nations-police-grand-ravine/
https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON427
https://www.cdc.gov/orr/responses/haiti-cholera-outbreak.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/18/world/americas/united-nations-haiti-cholera.html?_r=0
https://www.queensu.ca/gazette/stories/call-un-help-haitians-affected-cholera
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-37126747
https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/04/un-chief-antonio-guterres-internal-criticism-human-rights/
https://press.un.org/en/2016/sgsm18323.doc.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hMrUqO2n0c
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/05/06/136049974/verdict-haitis-cholera-outbreak-originated-in-u-n-camp
https://www.dec.org.uk/article/2010-haiti-earthquake-facts-and-figures
https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/8732
https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/minustah
https://www.nyc.gov/site/nypd/about/about-nypd/about-nypd-landing.page
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/25/world/americas/haiti-political-instability-bsap.html
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-68518921
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-40365766
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/05/guy-philippe-haiti-senate
https://insightcrime.org/haiti-organized-crime-news/guy-philippe/
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article139045528.html
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https:/insightcrime.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/guy-philippe-indictment_compressed.pdf
https://lenouvelliste.com/en/article/250174/miragoane-protest-in-support-of-jean-ernest-muscadin
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-41235-haiti-justice-two-government-commissioners-receive-a-reprimand-from-the-ministry-of-justice.html
https://canada-haiti.ca/content/interview-commissioner-jean-ernest-muscadin
https://x.com/GazetteHaiti/status/1531686831607140354
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-36809-haiti-news-zapping.html
https://gazettehaiti.com/index.php/node/7144
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23RoDKn-Vz0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGnieIule50
https://rezonodwes.com/?p=320413
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/30/haiti-port-au-prince-violence-gangs-police
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5r_q79Wqwc
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-39382-haiti-canape-vert-more-than-a-dozen-bandits-lynched-and-burned-by-the-population.html
https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2023/06/27/we-cant-find-support-three-womens-stories-repeated-rape-haitian-gangs
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https:/www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2024-07/Addressing-Haitian-womens-particular-needs-through-their-leadership-role-en.pdf
https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/07/1152206
https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/haiti/overview
https://docs.un.org/en/S/2024/320
https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4064141/files/S_2024_752-EN.pdf
https://suntci.com/american-tourist-killed-policeman-shot-as-gang-violence-intensifies-in-tur-p8242-129.htm
https://www.loopnews.com/content/gang-violence-surge-in-turks-and-caicos-related-to-transnational-crime/
https://ht.usembassy.gov/florida-resident-sentenced-for-smuggling-firearms-from-united-states-to-violent-haitian-gang-that-kidnapped-19-americans/
https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/king-violent-haitian-gang-sentenced-35-years-prison-gun-smuggling-and-money-laundering
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eInOaNVs_c
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article261029297.html
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/haiti-ap-santo-domingo-dominican-republic-associated-press-b2651596.html
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20250305/dominican-republic-seizes-weapons-and-thousands-ammunition-destined-haiti
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fPOOGyJRWQ
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article275443291.html
https://www.statista.com/statistics/715019/homicide-rates-in-latin-america/
https://ocindex.net/country/jamaica
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/13/jamaica-gang-crime-police
https://ocindex.net/country/haiti
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/lead-stories/20200210/fishing-guns-old-harbour-bay-boatmen-rake-profits-drugs-arms
https://insightcrime.org/news/jamaica-haiti-drugs-guns/
https://www.justice.gov/usao-edwi/pr/colombian-national-extradited-face-international-narcotics-trafficking-conspiracy
https://www.rhinews.com/justice/liberation-de-jean-eliobert-eddy-one-jasme-un-scande-de-plus-pour-la-justice-haitienne-selon-pierre-esperance/
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article260192325.html
https://insightcrime.org/news/extradition-drug-smuggler-underscores-haitis-historical-cocaine-transit-hub-status/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WD9M4i-I0tI
https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/the-men-behind-haiti-s-rebellion-infamous-2816773.php
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/crime/article19047087.html
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article11959538.html
https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/pubs/states/newsrel/mia072505a.html
https://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg86391.html
https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2004/02/26/drug-runner-implicates-aristide/
https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/news/the-rise-and-fall-of-haitian-drug-lord-jacques-ketant-7001667
https://insightcrime.org/news/brief/us-deports-former-haiti-cocaine-kingpin/
https://insightcrime.org/news/unearthing-aristides-convicted-confidant/
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-04-02-mn-44460-story.html
https://www.democracynow.org/2004/3/3/the_haitian_army_returns_who_is
https://insightcrime.org/haiti-organized-crime-news/guy-philippe/
https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/08/world/a-leader-of-former-haitian-junta-is-charged-with-smuggling-tons-of-drugs-to-us.html
https://x.com/tv_elshaddai/status/1534018710947643392/video/1
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-36882-haiti-flash-the-izo-gang-kidnaps-38-passengers-and-the-drivers-of-2-minibuses-video.html
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-36809-haiti-news-zapping.html
https://gazettehaiti.com/index.php/node/7144
48 episodes
Manage episode 479909602 series 2738663
Part 2 - 'Fighting Back'
In 2022, a video emerged of an alleged senior gang member, Zo Pwason, who had been caught by an armed group of Haitian citizens, led by Commissioner Jean-Ernest Muscadin. Zo Pwason was allegedly a senior member of the 5 Segond gang. He was executed by the armed group.
Muscadin declared that “As long as I am government commissioner, the city of Miragoâne will remain a cemetery for bandits”.
In this episode we look at those citizens that have fought back against the growing power of the gangs, and the emergence of the 'Bwa Kale' movement in 2023. These self-defence or vigilante groups protect their neighbourhoods from the gangs, and target suspected gang members.
We'll discuss how the gangs control areas through violence, limiting movement and the frequent targeting women and girls.
But we'll also follow on from the last episode and explore the connections to other illicit markets like drugs and people smuggling, as well as the proliferation of firearms flowing into the country, the vast majority of which come from the US.
And finally, we'll discuss the previous scandal-ridden recent UN mission to the country.
Speakers
Jacqueline Charles, Haiti/Caribbean Correspondent, Miami Herald.
Widlore Merancourt, Editor-in-chief for Ayibopost & reporter for the Washington Post on its Haiti coverage
William (Bill) G. O'Neill, UN Independent Expert on the Human Rights Situation in Haiti
Romain Le Cour Grandmaison, Senior Expert, Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime
Sophie Rutenbar, Visiting scholar at the New York University Center on International Cooperation
GITOC Links
The GI-TOC Observatory of Violence and Resilience in Haiti
Will the Artibonite massacre be a turning point in Haiti - https://globalinitiative.net/analysis/artibonite-massacre-haiti/
Gangs of Haiti: Expansion, power and an escalating crisis - https://globalinitiative.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/GITOC-Gangs-of-Haiti.pdf
Violence in Haiti: A continuation of politics by other means? - https://globalinitiative.net/analysis/violence-in-haiti-politics-crime-gangs/
Additional Links
https://www.devex.com/news/in-haiti-no-one-is-surprised-by-the-oxfam-scandal-92342
https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/25/haitians-wary-as-kenyan-police-arrive-on-latest-us-backed-mission
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/12/oxfam-scandal-deepens-allegations-sex-aid-abuse-charity-shops/
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/oxfam-child-abuse-haiti-scandal-inquiry-sexual-exploitation-charity-commission-a8953566.html
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-48593401
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jun/15/timeline-oxfam-sexual-exploitation-scandal-in-haiti
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c04UG5-T_IM&t=3s
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/6/un-peacekeepers-leave-haiti-what-is-their-legacy
https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/15/americas/haiti-un-peacekeepers-trust-fund-sexual-abuse-as-equals-intl-cmd/index.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miwOl12A2fE
https://www.reuters.com/article/world/haitians-say-underaged-girls-were-abused-by-un-peacekeepers-idUSKBN1YM27V/
https://insightcrime.org/haiti-organized-crime-news/jimmy-cherizier-alias-barbecue/
https://minujusth.unmissions.org/la-minujusth-condamne-les-violences-commis-%C3%A0-grand-ravine-et-appelle-les-autorit%C3%A9s-nationales-%C3%A0
https://haitiantimes.com/2018/11/14/a-u-n-backed-police-force-carried-out-a-massacre-in-haiti-the-killings-have-been-almost-entirely-ignored/
https://theintercept.com/2018/01/10/haiti-raid-united-nations-police-grand-ravine/
https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON427
https://www.cdc.gov/orr/responses/haiti-cholera-outbreak.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/18/world/americas/united-nations-haiti-cholera.html?_r=0
https://www.queensu.ca/gazette/stories/call-un-help-haitians-affected-cholera
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-37126747
https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/04/un-chief-antonio-guterres-internal-criticism-human-rights/
https://press.un.org/en/2016/sgsm18323.doc.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hMrUqO2n0c
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/05/06/136049974/verdict-haitis-cholera-outbreak-originated-in-u-n-camp
https://www.dec.org.uk/article/2010-haiti-earthquake-facts-and-figures
https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/8732
https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/minustah
https://www.nyc.gov/site/nypd/about/about-nypd/about-nypd-landing.page
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/25/world/americas/haiti-political-instability-bsap.html
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-68518921
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-40365766
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/05/guy-philippe-haiti-senate
https://insightcrime.org/haiti-organized-crime-news/guy-philippe/
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article139045528.html
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https:/insightcrime.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/guy-philippe-indictment_compressed.pdf
https://lenouvelliste.com/en/article/250174/miragoane-protest-in-support-of-jean-ernest-muscadin
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-41235-haiti-justice-two-government-commissioners-receive-a-reprimand-from-the-ministry-of-justice.html
https://canada-haiti.ca/content/interview-commissioner-jean-ernest-muscadin
https://x.com/GazetteHaiti/status/1531686831607140354
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-36809-haiti-news-zapping.html
https://gazettehaiti.com/index.php/node/7144
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23RoDKn-Vz0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGnieIule50
https://rezonodwes.com/?p=320413
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/30/haiti-port-au-prince-violence-gangs-police
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5r_q79Wqwc
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-39382-haiti-canape-vert-more-than-a-dozen-bandits-lynched-and-burned-by-the-population.html
https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2023/06/27/we-cant-find-support-three-womens-stories-repeated-rape-haitian-gangs
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https:/www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2024-07/Addressing-Haitian-womens-particular-needs-through-their-leadership-role-en.pdf
https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/07/1152206
https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/haiti/overview
https://docs.un.org/en/S/2024/320
https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4064141/files/S_2024_752-EN.pdf
https://suntci.com/american-tourist-killed-policeman-shot-as-gang-violence-intensifies-in-tur-p8242-129.htm
https://www.loopnews.com/content/gang-violence-surge-in-turks-and-caicos-related-to-transnational-crime/
https://ht.usembassy.gov/florida-resident-sentenced-for-smuggling-firearms-from-united-states-to-violent-haitian-gang-that-kidnapped-19-americans/
https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/king-violent-haitian-gang-sentenced-35-years-prison-gun-smuggling-and-money-laundering
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eInOaNVs_c
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article261029297.html
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/haiti-ap-santo-domingo-dominican-republic-associated-press-b2651596.html
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20250305/dominican-republic-seizes-weapons-and-thousands-ammunition-destined-haiti
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fPOOGyJRWQ
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article275443291.html
https://www.statista.com/statistics/715019/homicide-rates-in-latin-america/
https://ocindex.net/country/jamaica
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/13/jamaica-gang-crime-police
https://ocindex.net/country/haiti
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/lead-stories/20200210/fishing-guns-old-harbour-bay-boatmen-rake-profits-drugs-arms
https://insightcrime.org/news/jamaica-haiti-drugs-guns/
https://www.justice.gov/usao-edwi/pr/colombian-national-extradited-face-international-narcotics-trafficking-conspiracy
https://www.rhinews.com/justice/liberation-de-jean-eliobert-eddy-one-jasme-un-scande-de-plus-pour-la-justice-haitienne-selon-pierre-esperance/
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article260192325.html
https://insightcrime.org/news/extradition-drug-smuggler-underscores-haitis-historical-cocaine-transit-hub-status/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WD9M4i-I0tI
https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/the-men-behind-haiti-s-rebellion-infamous-2816773.php
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/crime/article19047087.html
https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article11959538.html
https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/pubs/states/newsrel/mia072505a.html
https://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg86391.html
https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2004/02/26/drug-runner-implicates-aristide/
https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/news/the-rise-and-fall-of-haitian-drug-lord-jacques-ketant-7001667
https://insightcrime.org/news/brief/us-deports-former-haiti-cocaine-kingpin/
https://insightcrime.org/news/unearthing-aristides-convicted-confidant/
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-04-02-mn-44460-story.html
https://www.democracynow.org/2004/3/3/the_haitian_army_returns_who_is
https://insightcrime.org/haiti-organized-crime-news/guy-philippe/
https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/08/world/a-leader-of-former-haitian-junta-is-charged-with-smuggling-tons-of-drugs-to-us.html
https://x.com/tv_elshaddai/status/1534018710947643392/video/1
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-36882-haiti-flash-the-izo-gang-kidnaps-38-passengers-and-the-drivers-of-2-minibuses-video.html
https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-36809-haiti-news-zapping.html
https://gazettehaiti.com/index.php/node/7144
48 episodes
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