S05E04: Unveiling The Doctrine Of Discovery: Historical Injustice And Pathways To Healing Mapping The Doctrine Of Discovery podcast

53:47

Holly Rine, associate professor of history at Le Moyne College, offers a compelling perspective on teaching the Doctrine of Discovery at a Jesuit institution. With remarkable candor, she shares her own journey from unfamiliarity with this history to becoming an advocate for institutional honesty about colonization's ongoing impacts. The conversation explores how critical examination of historical texts like the Jesuit Relations reveals their propagandistic nature. What many accept as straightforward historical accounts were actually carefully crafted narratives designed to secure European funding for colonial projects. Rine encourages her students to question these sources by asking "who wrote them, for whom, and to what purpose?" This approach transforms passive learning into active critical thinking about how history shapes our present. Particularly fascinating is the discussion of Onondaga Lake as both sacred space to the Haudenosaunee and contested territory through colonization. Rine's work examines how different cultural perspectives view the lake – as either a sacred gathering place or merely as an economic resource. This dichotomy continues today with debates about development projects like Micron's semiconductor facility, drawn to Syracuse largely because of its abundant water resources. The environmental degradation of the lake stands as a physical manifestation of colonial attitudes toward land and water. The podcast reveals how Indigenous knowledge systems challenge conventional academic approaches. While Western historians rely heavily on written documents, the Haudenosaunee preserve history through oral tradition, wampum belts, and a relational understanding with the natural world. These alternative ways of recording history offer transformative perspectives on our relationship with the environment and each other – particularly relevant as we face climate change and environmental crisis. As America approaches its 250th anniversary, this episode presents a timely opportunity to reassess the origins of American democracy. The Haudenosaunee Great Law of Peace provided a model of democratic governance that included women and non-human beings in decision-making processes centuries before the Constitution was drafted. By acknowledging these influences and confronting uncomfortable truths about our shared history, we open possibilities for healing relationships with both the land and its original stewards. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E07: Indigenous Wisdom for Planetary Healing with Yuria Celidwen 48:50

8 weeks ago48:50

48:50

Yuria Celidwen, a Nahua and Maya scholar and UC Berkeley postdoctoral researcher, shares how Indigenous wisdom offers pathways for collective healing beyond colonial mindfulness practices that prioritize individual benefit over community wellbeing. • Identifying as a "truth bearer" from Maya tradition, Celidwen bridges Indigenous epistemologies with academic research • The mindfulness movement has colonial roots, extracting Eastern practices while severing them from community responsibility • Indigenous sciences engage in "intersubjective dialogue" with subjects rather than treating them as inert objects • The doctrine of discovery established belief systems of domination that continue to impact Indigenous peoples • Historical distortions by missionaries and colonists undermined Haudenosaunee matrilineal systems and traditional practices • Indigenous knowledge uses metaphor, poetry, and ceremony to express complex scientific understanding • Young people increasingly recognize the value of Indigenous perspectives in addressing climate emergency • Transformation requires composting old narratives of purity and domination to create new ways of being • We're never alone in this work - we carry ancestral wisdom and plant seeds for future generations Find Yuria Celidwen book " Flourishing Kin: Indigenous Wisdom for Collective Well-Being " to discover Indigenous-inspired practices for reconnecting with the more-than-human world. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E06: Rethinking Our Values: Indigenous Values for a Sustainable Future 50:27

16 weeks ago50:27

50:27

This episode explores the vital need for a value change rooted in indigenous perspectives, particularly the teachings of the Haudenosaunee. Listeners are invited to reflect on how our current monetary-driven worldview is unsustainable and how adopting a more relational and respectful way of interacting with the Earth can pave the way for a more sustainable future. Themes • Discussion of the urgency of changing our economic values • Insights from the Haudenosaunee about the interconnectedness of life • Historical context of the "Basic Call to Consciousness" • Exploration of leadership through indigenous philosophies • Introduction of the Rights of Nature movement • Presentation of the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth • Importance of decolonizing narratives and changing perspectives • Emphasis on our responsibility and connection to the Earth • Reflection on the positive potential in adopting indigenous values If you liked this episode, please check out our website at podcastdoctrineofdiscovery.org for more information and, if you like this episode, review it on Apple, Spotify, or wherever you listen to podcasts. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E05: Reimagining Legal Frameworks: Protecting Native American Sacred Sites and Sovereignty 1:17:01

17 weeks ago1:17:01

1:17:01

What if the key to protecting Native American sacred sites lies not within the confines of existing religious freedom laws, but in a reimagined legal strategy? Join us as we engage with Michael McNally, the insightful author of "Defend the Sacred: Native American Religious Freedom Beyond the First Amendment." Together, we unravel the complexities of how religious language, despite its colonial roots, can be harnessed to uphold Native American rights. Drawing on the American Indian Religious Freedom Act and the pivotal work of advocates like Suzanne Schoenharjo, McNally suggests a more adaptable interpretation of these laws that could empower Native communities and fortify their battles for sacred land protection. Our discussion takes a profound turn as we examine indigenous treaties and their deeper meanings beyond financial arrangements. By highlighting the Dakota, Lakota, and Little Traverse Band of Odawa lands, we recognize these treaties as living expressions of an inherent bond with nature, advocating for a paradigm shift from ownership to stewardship. The episode delves into the Doctrine of Discovery, inviting indigenous voices to reshape the narrative and affirm the interconnectedness of all life. Through these conversations, we seek to bridge legal frameworks with universal principles, aiming for a holistic appreciation of indigenous perspectives. The exploration doesn't stop there; we navigate the enduring impact of colonial legacies on Native sovereignty and governance. From the contentious history of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to the inspiring traditional governance of nations like the Onondaga, we uncover stories of resilience and hope. As we touch on legal resistance, landmark cases, and international law strategies like the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, we emphasize the persistent struggle and triumph of Native nations. With reflections on contemporary resistance movements and the challenges of safeguarding sacred land, the discussion is both a testament to Native perseverance and a call to honor their enduring wisdom. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E04: Unveiling the Doctrine of Discovery: Historical Injustice and Pathways to Healing 53:17

27 weeks ago53:17

53:17

Uncover the often overlooked yet deeply influential Doctrine of Discovery with us, as we bring political science instructor and former Congressional candidate Steve Schwartzberg to the table. Join us to explore how this doctrine, woven into the fabric of U.S. history, continues to impact Indigenous peoples today. Steve shares his insights, drawing from influential thinkers like Steve Newcomb and Peter Dorico, to expose the historical context and the enduring injustices perpetuated by figures such as Chief Justice John Marshall. We also shine a light on Steve's 2018 Congressional campaign and his advocacy for crucial issues like Medicare for All and tribal sovereignty, providing an intimate glimpse into his motivations and vision for change. We navigate the complex interplay between Christian theology and Indigenous rights, challenging the exclusionary practices rooted in the Doctrine of Discovery. By examining historical figures like Sepulveda, we reveal how religious rhetoric has been manipulated to justify oppression and violence. Our conversation is enriched by Indigenous perspectives on divinity and interconnectedness, offering a powerful counter-narrative to hierarchical religious constructs. This exploration invites listeners to reassess the impact of these doctrines on modern secular hierarchies and nationalism, urging a critical examination of the legacies that shape our world today. In a poignant conclusion, we turn to the transformative power of grief, inspired by the Onondaga Nation's practices. Embracing grief as a pathway to healing, we discuss how acknowledging historical injustices can foster genuine relationships and understanding. The episode culminates in a reflection on the manipulation of history and the enduring myths surrounding figures like Columbus, highlighting the necessity of moving from guilt to love and interconnectedness. Through these rich discussions, we invite you to confront historical injustices and explore pathways to reconciliation, offering hope for a more inclusive and understanding future. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E03 Reclaiming Faith: Dismantling White Christian Supremacy and Healing Through Indigenous Spirituality 1:11:04

28 weeks ago1:11:04

1:11:04

What if the very religion that oppressed your ancestors could also be your path to liberation? Join us as we engage with Soulforce's representatives—Reverend Alba Onofrio, Nadia Arellano, and Karina Vargas—in a powerful conversation about dismantling white Christian supremacy and Christian nationalism. We share insights from a recent gathering at Syracuse University, highlighting the crucial role of community and continuous dialogue in tackling these urgent issues. Our journey doesn't stop there. We explore the intricate relationship between Christianity and Indigenous spirituality, examining how faith, once a tool of colonialism, can now be reclaimed for healing and empowerment. I, a queer Christian minister immersed in earth-based healing practices, share my personal reconciliation with Christianity's historical harms. Together, we dissect the Doctrine of Discovery and its ongoing impact, addressing the spiritual violence perpetuated by religious institutions and the generational trauma that still lingers. We also shed light on efforts to reclaim Indigenous food and healing practices as acts of resistance against Christian supremacy. By reconnecting with our ancestral ways through conscious choices and daily acts of disobedience, we find paths to wholeness and cultural reclamation. Discover how movements like eco-spirituality and feminist theology are paving the way for a more inclusive and respectful approach to spirituality, honoring the diverse traditions that shape our world. Join us for this enlightening episode and uncover how we can collectively heal and dismantle oppressive systems. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E02: Exploring the Legacy of Vine Deloria Jr. on Native American Thought with Philip Deloria 1:17:47

37 weeks ago1:17:47

1:17:47

Discover the transformative power of Native American thought and religious studies in our conversation with the esteemed Philip Deloria. Learn about the profound legacy of Vine Deloria Jr., whose influential works like God is Red have shaped the academic and theological landscapes. As we uncover the Deloria family's rich heritage of Indigenous advocacy, you'll gain a deeper understanding of how these experiences have informed their unique contributions to theology and Native American Studies. Explore the intricate dynamics between Native American communities and Christianity as we reflect on Vine Deloria Jr.'s provocative texts Custer Died for Your Sins and his subsequent disillusionment with Christianity that led to God Is Red . Through these discussions, we highlight the enduring impact of colonialism and the resurgence of indigenous practices in contemporary Native life. Unpack the unsettling phenomenon of "playing Indian" in both American and European contexts, exploring historical and contemporary examples from the Boston Tea Party to modern New Age movements. We also discuss the critical role of oral tradition and indigenous knowledge, emphasizing their dynamic nature. This episode provides valuable insights into the current trends in Native Studies, the intersection of indigenous rights with modern political movements, and the transformative potential of indigenous sovereignty and diplomacy. Join us for a thought-provoking and enlightening discussion with Philip Deloria. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S05E01: Bridging History and Today: Religion, Law, and Indigenous Influences in American Democracy with Winifred Sullivan 54:51

39 weeks ago54:51

54:51

How have universities become the focal point of inclusive religious dialogue? Join us for a captivating episode as we converse with Winifred Sullivan, a professor at Indiana University, who brings a wealth of experience from her dual careers in law and academia. Learn about her pivotal role at the Center for Religion and the Human, where diverse voices collaborate on addressing contemporary issues such as climate change, political conflicts, and technological advancements. Sullivan underscores the importance of public universities as venues fostering robust discussions on religion and its intersection with today’s most pressing challenges. Travel back in time with us as we unravel the complex history of religious freedom in the United States. Our exploration starts from the inception of the Constitution and its evolution through the Bill of Rights and the Reconstruction Amendments. We delve into James Madison’s evolving views on federal power and citizen rights, leading to the 20th-century incorporation doctrine that transformed state governance. This legal journey is intricately tied to America’s religious diversity, highlighting pivotal cases like Johnson v. McIntosh and the doctrine of discovery’s enduring influence. In our deep dive into indigenous influences on democracy, we spotlight the Haudenosaunee Confederacy’s profound impact on Western democratic models. Discover how early recognition of Native American nations shaped governance and treaties, and how these indigenous roots resonate in today’s interpretation of religion in public life. We also reflect on the tragic self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell and its implications for understanding radical dissent. Rounding off the episode, we examine Joan of Arc’s political theology and the significant, yet often overlooked, contributions of the Haudenosaunee to American democracy, showcased in the Smithsonian’s "Voices and Votes" exhibit. This episode promises an enriching narrative that bridges historical insights with contemporary relevance. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S04E06: Unveiling Histories: Colonialism, Faith, and Identity in the Americas with João Chaves 1:08:46

1 year ago1:08:46

1:08:46

Embark on a profound historical exploration with João Chaves, Assistant Professor at Baylor University, as we uncover the lasting effects of the Doctrine of Discovery and its legacy of colonialism, faith, and power struggles in the Americas. Our conversation traverses from the Portuguese conquest and the influx of Confederate exiles post-American Civil War to the development of Brazilian Protestantism. Chaves' expertise illuminates the complexities of property rights and racial hierarchies that continue to shape Latin American religious and social dynamics, offering a rare lens into the past that still echoes today. As we discuss the unique challenges faced by Brazilian Baptists migrating to the United States, we uncover the reshaping of identities and ideologies in the shadow of the Southern Baptist Convention. Identity conflicts, the role of local converts, and the navigation through Christian nationalism, all contribute to a vibrant tapestry of faith and community. Chavez guides us through the intersection of theology and justice as these communities grapple with immigration issues and ethnic solidarity, revealing how deep-rooted beliefs can both hinder and empower transformation within these religious enclaves. The episode culminates in a critical examination of the intertwining of racism, Christianity, and capitalism—forces that have shaped the modern world, with a spotlight on Brazil's President Jair Bolsonaro's 'pan-Christian' leadership. We then pivot to Baylor University's own introspection into its historical narratives, highlighting the Commission for Historical Campus Representations' work toward truth and academic freedom. The personal stories Antonia Teixeira serve as a somber reminder of how the quest for institutional goodness often clashes with the painful realities of our shared history. Join us as we navigate these sensitive landscapes, striving for a deeper understanding of where we've been, and where we might go from here. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S04E05: Rekindling Culture and Healing History: A Dialogue on Decolonization and Indigenous Land Connection 1:03:50

1 year ago1:03:50

1:03:50

Embark on a profound exploration with us as S. Lily Mendoza and Jim Perkinson take us through the winding paths of decolonization and the urgent quest to reconnect with the land. They illuminate the suppressed histories and indigenous cultures that beckon us to re-evaluate the civilizational narratives we've long been fed. Witness how the act of returning land plays a crucial role in healing the historic wounds inflicted upon native communities, especially around Detroit, and join our conversation as we acknowledge our collective responsibility to this shared history. Our journey doesn't stop at intellectual discourse; we immerse ourselves in the spiritual bonds that indigenous cultures, like the Anishinaabe and Haudenosaunee, share with nature. These traditions, which treat water as a sacred entity and embrace radical diversity, inspire us to reflect on our own cultural roots and the devastating impact of colonization. Their experiences of cultural rediscovery, alongside the tragic loss of indigenous languages in places like the Philippines, serve as a vivid reminder of the rich cultural diversity that we need to preserve and celebrate. Navigating the complexities of Christianity's history, we grapple with its darker legacy of violence and the rise of white nationalism. This includes a critical look at how institutions, such as the prison industrial complex, perpetuate racial injustice, and economic exploitation. We honor the resistance that has emerged from within religious traditions, highlighting the courageous alignment with indigenous peoples against imperialistic forces. Our dialogue, enriched by the Henry Luce Foundation, Syracuse University, Hendricks Chapel, and the Indigenous Values Initiative, underscores the vital collaboration between indigenous wisdom and academic research, aiming to foster a better understanding and respect for the myriad of perspectives that shape our world. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S04E04: Reckoning with the Legacy of Colonization: A Dialogue on Native American Erasure and Resilience with Tink Tinker 58:33

1 year ago58:33

58:33

This week on the podcast, we have Professor Tink Tinker, a luminary in Native American Studies. In this episode, he tells of the heart-wrenching legacy of Christian colonization on Indigenous communities. Our conversation probes deep into the cultural chasm between the collective ethos of American Indian traditions and the individualistic dogma of Christian salvation. As we unravel the tapestry of Native American identities erased by historical forces, we also confront the ongoing struggle to reclaim and honor the suppressed narratives both in America and the remnants of indigenous Europe. Venture into the realm of representation with us, where Hollywood's glitz often eclipses the true stories of Native peoples. We critique the portrayal of the Osage in recent cinematic adaptations, where the pain of Indigenous experiences vies with the allure of star-studded performances. Shining a light on the experiences of Indigenous academics like Tinker, we reflect on the pivotal role community engagement and historical acknowledgment play in shaping a more honest academic discourse, particularly in the commemoration of tragedies such as the Sand Creek Massacre. As we draw this powerful dialogue to a close, we discuss the powerful transformation of the Living Waters Indian Episcopal Mission into Four Winds—a testament to cultural resilience and revival. This also serves as an example of how churches can participate in #landback. We conclude by discussing the atrocities committed under the Doctrine of Discovery and the palpable hauntings of Iliff’s history, revealing the imperative for institutions to confront and address past transgressions. The pursuit of restitution and healing is a profound thread that weaves through the episode, reminding us of the enduring and dynamic work that lies ahead for Indigenous academics and activists. Join us in embracing these narratives of remembrance and the vital recognition of their ongoing journey. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S04E03: Reclaiming Sacred Ground: Indigenous Sovereignty, Environmental Wisdom, and the Path to Restorative Justice with Patrick Gonzalez-Rogers 46:07

1 year ago46:07

46:07

Discover the lingering shadows of the Doctrine of Discovery as we journey through the historical and modern challenges Indigenous nations face, particularly in safeguarding sacred sites like Bears Ears. Joined by Patrick Gonzalez-Rogers of the Yale School of Environment, Philip P. Arnold Arnold from the Skä•noñh Great Law Peace Center, and Sandy Bigtree of the Mohawk Nation, we unearth the cultural significance these lands hold and the urgency for conservation efforts that honor Indigenous spirituality and sovereignty. Our conversation reveals the depths of exploitation that persist while advocating for policies that truly respect the voices and rights of Native American communities. Embrace a future where humanity and nature coexist in harmony as we draw upon the wisdom of Indigenous environmental stewardship. By acknowledging the interconnectedness of all life, we challenge the prevailing narrative of human dominance over the natural world. Delving into traditional ecological knowledge, we discuss how reshaping our environmental laws and policies through Indigenous perspectives can lead to sustainable solutions that cherish the Earth for future inhabitants. Our discourse, informed by the richness of Native American philosophies, paints a vision of resource management that nurtures rather than depletes. In the spirit of healing and justice, we examine the transformative potential of restorative justice and land reparations in mending the wounds left by centuries of colonial policies. We highlight the importance of concrete measures, like land return by religious denominations, as steps towards genuine restitution for Indigenous communities. Our dialogue with historians, attorneys, and thought leaders at Yale opens up discussions on legal and political strategies for righting historical wrongs. As we share insights from conversations with bishops, we sense an emerging willingness to turn apologies into action—signaling a hopeful shift toward reconciliation and balance. Join us as we honor these crucial narratives and the pursuit of a more equitable future. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S04E02: Exploring the American Religious Tapestry: From Civil Religion to Secularism and the Impact of the January 6th Insurrection with Joel Harrison 53:59

1 year ago53:59

53:59

Embark on a profound journey through the tapestry of American religious history with Joel Harrison, associate professor of religion, and his sharp students, Jason Armstrong and Christian Oppenhagen. Together, we unravel the complex narratives of civil religion and secularism, with a particular lens on the interplay of race and religion since the colonial era. Our conversation pivots around Joel's innovative teaching methods, as he leverages the January 6th insurrection as a vivid case study in his Religion 100 course at Northern Virginia Community College, engaging students with the pressing relevance of historical events in shaping today's religious and political landscapes. Witness firsthand the transformative power of academic discourse as it escapes the confines of lecture halls and influences the broader world. The Doctrine of Discovery conference epitomizes scholarship's potency in initiating societal reflection and change, a revelation deeply felt by attendees like Jason. The connections forged among participants of various backgrounds underscore the role of academia in facilitating a collective confrontation with our intricate historical legacies. These moments serve as catalysts for personal growth and cultural respect, sparking an appreciation for the diverse tapestry that is our shared human experience. Finally, we navigate the profound relationship between land, heritage, and identity, acknowledging the stark repercussions of European conquest on indigenous communities. Chris shares his enlightening experiences from the conference, inspiring a broader discussion on the primacy of land identity within indigenous culture and the importance of understanding our ancestral ties. Through this revelation, we are reminded of the enduring significance of our roots and the narrative of who we are, ensuring the past is not merely history—but a compass that guides our ongoing quest for understanding and empathy. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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Unearthing the Foundations: Examining Native American Legal Battles and the Doctrine of Discovery with Peter d'Errico, Steven T. Newcomb, and Joseph J. Heath 1:00:27

1 year ago1:00:27

1:00:27

Discover the overlooked truths of Native American legal struggles and examine the enduring impact of the Doctrine of Discovery with our esteemed guests Peter d'Errico, Steven T. Newcomb, and Joseph J. Heath. This episode promises to enhance your understanding of Native American representation in law and the historical decisions that shape their rights today. Prepare to have your perspective on federal anti-Indian law and the ramifications of the Marshall Trilogy thoroughly expanded by our panel's wealth of expertise. Our conversation navigates the powerful role language plays in framing indigenous existence against the backdrop of colonization and Western narratives. We dissect the intentional metaphors by historical figures to assert control and critique the mainstream media's failure to challenge the systemic dominations at play. This episode is a clarion call for awareness, urging a collective shift towards acknowledging the historical and spiritual significance of land to Indigenous peoples, and their ongoing efforts to heal and decolonize. Toward the close, we scrutinize the landmark McGirt decision and its effects on indigenous land rights, noting the absence of "plenary power" in Justice Gorsuch's opinion. The discussion points to the embedded racism and religious supremacy in the Lone Wolf decision of 1903, echoing Justice Clarence Thomas's skepticism of US sovereignty over Native lands. We cap off our exploration by delving into the implications of US citizenship on indigenous identity and the potential empowerment through citizenship of an Indian nation. Join us for a thought-provoking journey through the intricate intersection of law, sovereignty, and identity within Native American communities. *** This panel was recorded at the The Religious Origins of White Supremacy: Johnson v. M'Intosh and the Doctrine of Christian Discovery conference. Support the show View the transcript and show notes at podcast.doctrineofdiscovery.org . Learn more about the Doctrine of Discovery on our site DoctrineofDiscovery.org .…

Mapping the Doctrine of Discovery

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S03E06: Exploring the Cultural, Historical, and Culinary Significance of Chilis with Victor Valle 1:25:54

1 year ago1:25:54